硬件系统、电脑操作系统、系统软件系统有全方位深层次的认知,也是一项工程项目，在其中，硬件系统的维护是服务器维护中最基本、重要组成部分，也是一项无休无止工作
文章正文：
应了那句“夺天下守不住天底下难以”得话，服务器的维护好比“守天底下”！稍乱分寸感便可让整个互联网深陷麻痹，维护服务器又必须对服务器的硬件系统、电脑操作系统、系统软件系统有全方位深层次的认知,也是一项工程项目，在其中，硬件系统的维护是服务器维护中最基本、重要组成部分，也是一项无休无止工作，服务器技术支持。
拆卸篇
对服务器硬件系统的维护简单的便是改动服务器，提升或更新一些构件。因此，文中先从服务器的拆卸下手DAP。
伴随着服务器零件价格慢慢减少，只选用其标准配备开展工作也显得有一些不蛮便宜，与此同时服务器本身也为消费者提供了众多的更新室内空间，那样越来越多客户选用对服务器配备开展更新，以得到更好的使用效率。比如为支持多芯式的电脑主板提升CPU、运行内存硬盘扩容、加上千兆网卡网口网卡、组装SCSI卡提升数据信息读写速度、组装RAID卡以加强数据信息容错能力等。此外，有一些服务器构件如电源和风机由于长时间无间断运行，也有可能发生脆化或故障问题，也需要我们立即对它进行拆换,服务器拆解及安装。
实际操作需要注意的事项
恰当关掉电源
针对一台早已配备好一点的服务器而言，它关掉和开启实际操作非常简单，那如果操作步骤不合理，有可能会对系统导致不必要毁坏。所以我们必须对服务器的启动、待机做一详解。
待机实际操作：
1.关掉电脑操作系统，服务器硬件系统的维护拆卸篇》
2.关掉服务器电源。
3.关掉外接设备电源(如磁盘阵列，磁带库等)。
4.关掉另一台电源和网络机柜电源。
5.关掉总电源。
启动实际操作：
1.开启总电源。
2.打开电脑网络机柜电源。
3.开启外围设备电源(如磁盘阵列,磁带库等)。
4.待外围设备自查结束后，最终开启服务器电源。
全方位防止静电
尽管计算机是靠电力工作的，但静电却会给电子计算机产生致命一击，特别是可能会对主板芯片导致永久毁坏。
静电造成的原因很多：各种各样电源机器设备可能会产生静电，电子计算机CRT显示器可能会产生静电，工作上的手机上、无线对讲机还会在周边区域造成大量静电，这就需要我们应该尤其当心静电的影响，全方位防止。
1.尽可能使服务器以及设配的接地装置优良。
2.倘若机器设备并没有接地装置，在我们要触碰里边的主控板时，先要用接地导线或其它充放电设备对它进行充放电。
3.对系统来操作时，应佩戴防静电胶手套，如果没有的话，也用手触碰一下主机箱外部金属材料来排掉本身携带静电。
确保主机箱内合理布局
一般来说，服务器主机箱内部构件合理布局及其室内空间设计都要经过科学合理排序，彼此之间融合紧密但不杂乱无章，坚信购买了技术专业服务器的消费者都应有感受。大家在加上和卸载掉服务器机器的情况下，一定要保持这样的合理布局实际效果。
留意：在主机箱内部结构还应当有相当一部分预埋室内空间，组成科学合理的“风管”，主要是因为CPU早已不单单是惟一的热原，高速旋转电脑硬盘、电脑光驱、各种各样处理芯片及接口板都是在这一狭小空间里发生着发热量，因此在风机运转时，主机箱内气体一定可以充足流动性。
Have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of hardware systems, computer operating systems, and system software systems, which is also a project. Among them, the maintenance of the hardware system is the most basic and important part of server maintenance, and it is an endless task, server technical support.
Article body:
It fits the saying "It's hard to defend the world once it's conquered." The maintenance of servers is like "defending the world!" A slight disorder can paralyze the entire internet. Maintaining servers also requires a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the server's hardware system, computer operating system, and system software system, which is also a project. Among them, the maintenance of the hardware system is the most basic and important part of server maintenance, and it is an endless task, server technical support.
Disassembly Chapter
The simplest maintenance of the server hardware system is to change the server, upgrade or update some components. Therefore, the article starts with the disassembly of the server DAP.
As the price of server components gradually decreases, using only their standard configuration for work also seems a bit expensive. At the same time, the server itself also provides consumers with a lot of update space, so more and more customers choose to update the server configuration to get better efficiency. For example, to support multi-core motherboards, upgrade CPUs, expand memory and hard disk capacity, add gigabit network card ports, assemble SCSI cards to improve data reading and writing speed, and assemble RAID cards to enhance data fault tolerance, etc. In addition, some server components such as power supplies and fans may also age or fail due to long-term uninterrupted operation, and we also need to replace them in time, server disassembly and installation.
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Matters needing attention during operation
Properly turn off the power
For a server that has been equipped, its shutdown and startup operations are very simple. However, if the operation is unreasonable, it may cause unnecessary damage to the system. Therefore, we must explain the server's startup and standby operations in detail.
Standby operation:
Turn off the computer operating system, the maintenance disassembly chapter of the server hardware system.
Turn off the server power.
Turn off the power of peripheral devices (such as disk arrays, tape libraries, etc.).
Turn off the power of another power supply and network cabinet.
Turn off the main power.
Startup operation:
Turn on the main power.
Turn on the power of the computer network cabinet.
Turn on the power of peripheral devices (such as disk arrays, tape libraries, etc.).
After the peripheral devices have completed the self-check, finally turn on the server power.
Comprehensively prevent static electricity
Although computers work by electricity, static electricity can be fatal to computers, especially it may cause permanent damage to motherboard chips.
There are many reasons for static electricity: various power equipment may generate static electricity, computer CRT monitors may generate static electricity, mobile phones and walkie-talkies at work can also create a lot of static electricity in the surrounding area, which requires us to be particularly careful about the impact of static electricity and comprehensively prevent it.
As far as possible, make the server and its equipment grounding good.
If the equipment is not grounded, when we want to touch the inside of the mainboard, we should first use a grounding wire or other discharge devices to discharge it.
When operating the system, you should wear anti-static gloves. If not, you should also touch the external metal of the main cabinet to discharge the static electricity carried by itself.
Ensure the rational layout of the main cabinet
Generally speaking, the internal layout of the server main cabinet and the space design should be scientifically and reasonably arranged, closely combined but not messy. I believe consumers who have purchased professional servers should have a feeling. When we add and uninstall server equipment, we must maintain such a layout effect.
Note: There should also be a considerable amount of reserved space inside the main cabinet, forming a scientifically reasonable "air duct". This is mainly because the CPU is no longer the only heat source. High-speed rotating hard drives, optical drives, various processing chips, and interface boards are all generating heat in this narrow space. Therefore, when the fan is running, the air inside the main cabinet must be able to flow sufficiently.